Abstract:
In the present study, an efficient protocol for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration was
established in six finger millet varieties (GBK-043137, GBK-043128, GBK-043124, GBK-043122, GBK043094
and GBK-043050). Shoot tips from 3 days in vitro grown plants were inoculated on MS
supplemented with various concentrations and combinations of α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 2,4-
Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), benzylaminopurine (BAP) and kinetin for callus induction and
somatic embryogenesis. For shoot regeneration, somatic embryos were cultured on various
concentrations of BAP, while root induction was done using different concentrations and combinations
of NAA, kinetin, BAP and 2,4-D. Acclimatization of regenerated plants was tested using forest soil,
cocopeat, manure, sand and fertilizer either singly or in combination. Best callus formation was
achieved on 2.5 mg/l of 2,4-D and 1.5 mg/l BAP with a mean of 12.33±0.33 on variety GBK-043128 while
shooting and rooting were best on 1.75 mg/l BAP with a mean of 25.07±0.64 and 1.0 BAP+0.25 NAA with
a mean of 15.00±2.2, respectively. Best acclimatization was attained using soil, sand and fertilizer on
GBK-043094. Plants regenerated were morphologically similar to in vivo plants with 97% survival rate.
Moreover, they were fertile and able to set viable seeds. This efficient protocol has the potential for crop
improvement and genomic studies.
